What Are Comparative Adjectives?
Comparative adjectives are used to compare two people, animals, things, or groups.
They show how one thing is more or less than the other in some way.
Apa Itu Comparative Adjectives?
Comparative adjectives (kata sifat tingkat perbandingan) digunakan untuk membandingkan dua orang, benda, hewan, atau tempat. Tujuannya adalah untuk menunjukkan bahwa satu hal lebih atau kurang dibandingkan yang lain.
Example:
- John is taller than Mike. (John lebih tinggi dari Mike)
This compares John and Mike using the adjective tall.
(Ini membandingkan John dan Mike mengginakan kata sifat tinggi.)
1. Short adjectives (1 syllable or 2 syllables ending in –y):
1. Kata sifat pendek (1 suku kata atau 2 suku kata berakhiran -y)
➡️ Add -er + than
Adjective |
Comparative |
Examples |
|---|---|---|
| ----------- | ----------- | ------------------------ |
| small | smaller | My house is smaller than yours. |
| fast | faster | A cheetah is faster than a lion. |
| easy | easier | This test is easier than the last one. |
| happy | happier | She's happier than yesterday. |
Rumahku lebih kecil dari rumahmu.
Seekor cheetah lebih cepat dari singa.
Ujian ini lebih mudah dari yang sebelumnya.
Dia lebih bahagia dari kemarin.
Spelling rules:
- If the word ends in -y, change the "y" to "i": happy → happier
- If the word ends in CVC (consonant-vowel-consonant), double the last consonant:
- big → bigger, hot → hotter
- Jika kata berakhiran -y ubah "y" menjadi "i": happy → happier
- Jika kata berakhiran CVC (konsonan-vokal-konsonan), gandakan konsonan terakhir
- big → bigger, hot → hotter
Common CVC Adjectives
Base Adjective |
Comparative |
Superlative |
|---|---|---|
| ----------- | ----------- | ---------------------- |
| big | bigger | biggest |
| hot | hotter | hottest |
| thin | thinner | thinnest |
| fat | fatter | fattest |
| sad | sadder | saddest |
| wet | wetter | wettest |
| mad | madder | maddest |
| red | redder | reddest |
| dim | dimmer | dimmest |
| flat | flatter | flattest |
| slim | slimmer | slimmest |
| fit | fitter | fittest |
| tan | tanner | tannest |
| thin | thinner | thinnest |
| bad | worse* | worst* |
| fun | funner* / more fun | funnest* / most fun |
| grim | grimmer | grimmest |
| snug | snugger | snuggest |
2. Long adjectives (2+ syllables):
➡️ Use more or less + adjective + than
Adjective |
Comparative |
Examples |
|---|---|---|
| ----------- | ----------- | ----------------------- |
| beautiful | more beautiful | My house is smaller than yours. |
| expensive | more expensive | A cheetah is faster than a lion. |
| difficult | more difficult | This test is easier than the last one. |
Appearance / Descriptions
Adjective |
Arti |
|---|---|
| ---------------------- | ---------------------- |
| attractive | menarik |
| beautiful | cantik |
| fashionable | modis |
| impressive | mengesankan |
| luxurious | mewah |
| magnificent | luar biasa / megah |
| adorable | menggemaskan |
| charming | memesona |
Adjective |
Arti |
|---|---|
| ---------------------- | ---------------------- |
| intelligent | cerdas |
| responsible | bertanggung jawab |
| ambitious | ambisius |
| confident | percaya diri |
| creative | kreatif |
| generous | dermawan |
| respectful | sopan, menghormati |
| patient | sabar |
Adjective |
Arti |
|---|---|
| ---------------------- | ---------------------- |
| emotional | emosional |
| depressed | depresi |
| uncomfortable | tidak nyaman |
| disappointed | kecewa |
| satisfied | puas |
| embarrassed | malu |
| excited | bersemangat |
Adjective |
Arti |
|---|---|
| ---------------------- | ---------------------- |
| difficult | sulit |
| complicated | rumit |
| confusing | membingungkan |
| effective | efektif |
| inefficient | tidak efisien |
| inconsistent | tidak konsisten |
| unreliable | tidak bisa dipercaya |
Adjective |
Arti |
|---|---|
| ---------------------- | ---------------------- |
| expensive | mahal |
| affordable | terjangkau |
| crowded | ramai, padat |
| available | tersedia |
| acceptable | bisa diterima |
| impossible | mustahil |
| predictable | bisa diprediksi |
Adjective |
Arti |
|---|---|
| ---------------------- | ---------------------- |
| innovative | inovatif |
| functional | fungsional |
| reliable | andal |
| complicated | rumit |
| valuable | berharga |
| interactive | interaktif |
| practical | praktis |
1. good → better → best
- Comparative: This pizza tastes better than the one we had yesterday.
- Superlative: This is the best pizza I’ve ever eaten.
Pizza ini rasanya lebih enak daripada yang kita makan kemarin.
Ini pizza terenak yang pernah saya makan.
2. bad → worse → worst
- Comparative: Her handwriting is worse than mine.
- Superlative: That was the worst movie I’ve ever seen.
Tulisan tangannya lebih buruk daripada tulisan saya.
Itu film terburuk yang pernah saya tonton.
3. far → farther/further → farthest/furthest
- Comparative (distance): Jakarta is farther from Bali than Surabaya is.
- Comparative (abstract): We need to look further into this problem.
- Superlative: Mount Everest is the farthest place I’ve traveled to.
Jakarta lebih jauh dari Bali daripada Surabaya.
(abstrak): Kita perlu menyelidiki masalah ini lebih jauh.
Gunung Everest adalah tempat terjauh yang pernah saya kunjungi.
4. much/many → more → most
- Comparative (uncountable): You have more patience than me.
- Comparative (countable): She has more friends than her brother.
- Superlative: This shop has the most customers in the area.
Kamu lebih sabar daripada aku.
Dia punya lebih banyak teman daripada saudara laki-lakinya.
Toko ini punya pelanggan terbanyak di daerah ini.
5. little (amount) → less → least
- Comparative: We have less sugar than we need.
- Superlative: This solution requires the least effort.
Kita punya gula lebih sedikit daripada yang kita butuhkan.
Solusi ini membutuhkan usaha paling sedikit.
6. few (number) → fewer → fewest
- Comparative: There are fewer cars on the road today.
- Superlative: This street has the fewest houses in the neighborhood.
Ada lebih sedikit mobil di jalan hari ini.
Jalan ini memiliki rumah paling sedikit di lingkungan ini.
7. well (adverb & health) → better → best
- Comparative: I feel better today than I did yesterday.
- Superlative: She sings the best of all the contestants.
Saya merasa lebih baik hari ini daripada kemarin.
Dia bernyanyi paling baik dari semua kontestan.
8. ill (British English) → worse → worst
- Comparative: He is feeling worse than he did last night.
- Superlative: That flu was the worst illness I’ve had in years.
Dia merasa lebih buruk daripada tadi malam.
Flu itu adalah penyakit terburuk yang pernah saya derita selama bertahun-tahun.
