Another combination that is quite common is the combination of the simple past and would.

• I knew that he would arrive.
• It was certain that he would graduate.

It is important to stress that in the combination discussed here, the present should be used with “will” and the past should be used with “would”; they generally should not be mixed.

The common errors that must generally be avoided are the combination of the past with “will” and the combination of the present with “would”.

• I know that he would arrive soon.
• It was certain that he while graduate.

In the first example, the present “know” is illogical with “would”. It can be corrected in two different ways.

• I knew that he would arrive soon.
• I know that he will arrive soon.

In the second example, the past, was, is illogical with “will”. It can also be corrected in two different ways.

• It was certain that he would graduate.
• It is certain that he will graduate.

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