The woman cleans the car.
The cleaning woman worked on the car.
The woman put the cleaned car back in the garage.

In the first example, “cleans” is the verb of the sentence.
In the second example, “cleaning” is a verbal adjective describing “woman”.
In the third example, “cleaned” is a verbal adjective describing “car. “

Verbal adjectives ending in -ed and -ing can be confused in written expression questions on the TOEFL test.

• The cleaning car…
• The cleaned woman...

The difference between an -ed and an -ing adjective is similar to the difference between the active and the passive (see Skills 37 and 38). An -ing adjective (like the active) means that the noun it describes is doing the action.
The above example about the “cleaning” car is not correct because a car cannot do the action of “cleaning”: you cannot say that a car cleans itself.
An -ed adjective (like the passive) means that the noun it describes is receiving the action from the verb. The above example about the “cleaned woman” is not correct because in this example a woman does not receive the action of the verb clean: this sentence does not mean that someone cleaned the woman.